Showing posts with label Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes. Show all posts

Thursday, September 12, 2013

Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 9: Oops insuranceinstantonline.blogspot.com

Written By Unknown; About: Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 9: Oops insuranceinstantonline.blogspot.com on Thursday, September 12, 2013

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While co-driving is incredibly fun, it is also incredibly elaborate and difficult. As I've explained over the course of this series the co-driver in many ways is the one running the show, setting the pace of the driver and the pace of the event itself. It takes a ton of hard work, concentration, and (especially) at the higher levels a ton of skill. So what does it mean if you, a new, nervous co-driver trying to keep on top of everything, make a mistake? It means you've officially become a genuine co-driver, because no matter how good a co-driver may be we've all got a few of those stories. I asked my fellow co-drivers to share some of theirs (and drivers to squeal on their co-drivers), and they delivered.


Full "Behind the Scenes" series archive.


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I'll start with my own. New England Forest Rally 2011 was my first major rally and second rally overall. It was also Rory's first rally and our first event together. On the afternoon of the second day we lost our brakes. We stopped on the transit to diagnose the problem and found a ruptured line but didn't have the tools to fix it so we went ahead to the start of the next stage, hoping to get help from other teams. The plan worked as other crews took pity on us newbies, jacked up the car, pinched the line shut with a vice grip, and topped us off with brake fluid. With the car "ready" for the next stage we started putting our safety gear on. I reached into the car for my helmet and found... nothing. I searched through the cabin, the trunk, looked under the car, around the car, everywhere, no helmet. Then I looked at the roof and saw the slide marks from when it fell off. Turns out I left it on the roof when we stopped to diagnose our brake problem, meaning it's miles back down the road, probably in the woods. Now it's time for us to start and I had no helmet. I blew it, game over. Fortunately for me Kris Gove was at the start of the stage with his dead BMW. He gave me his helmet so could can keep racing. Unfortunately his helmet had no intercom and the stage we're running was over 15 miles. So I spent the entire 20 minutes we're on stage screaming notes at the top of my lungs and whacking the dashboard with my hand when I want Rory to slow down. We got to the stage finish, I'm completely hoarse, and Rory turned and said to me "I didn't hear a word you said."


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Our TAG Rally Sport teammates didn't exactly shine at that rally either. Tracey had a brand new car, delivered the evening before the rally started. On the second day of the rally Tracey's co-driver Maureen can't get her window all the way up. No matter what she tries it won't budge. Some of the start control workers try to figure it out, one even taking the paneling off the door looking for a short. Finally the control workers just tell her to run the stage with the window down, but take it easy and be careful. The car comes into the finish and the inside is absolutely coated with dust. Another co-driver walks over, looks inside and says "The new car has power windows, right?"

Maureen replies "Yeah."

"So then it has window locks?"

From that point on as a joke the rest of the team would covertly turn the window locks on whenever possible.


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Going through the submissions I received I quickly learned most mistakes fall in one of four categories: Navigational errors, forgotten/misplaced items, "rookie" mistakes, and "other." Unsurprisingly the navigational errors made up the majority, both on stage and on transit. Canadian racer Ryan Huber, a man familiar with both seats, starts us off.



First transit to first stage of my first rally, no working odo. Told my driver to get off the highway at the wrong exit, which wouldn't have been the end of the world except we couldn't get back on going the same way, had to backtrack the opposite direction before getting off again and turning around. Somehow we still made the control on time!



-Ryan Huber



One year at STPR (before modern notes) the last tulip instruction row was blank, and since we were only about .25mi from the the end of the stage I figured it was the last "real" tulip and they just kept the two tulips for the flying finish and the FTC together on the next page, so I never bothered to turn the page. When I read that "last" tulip to my father (who was driving) I also said that it was the last instruction until the finish. WRONG! Over the next (blind) crest we discovered a short downhill into a hairpin right! Surprisingly, he took that corner better than most!



-Matt Kennedy


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My 3rd rally ever was nefr10, middle dam out, coming out fish pond road, stopped reading after "finish" haha oops! We almost had a big moment over the ! L5-



-Robert Sockalexis



Sand and Shovel Rally, Kingston, Ontario, 1970. Route followed a yellow line on a green map. Missed calling a left turn which put the SAAB 96 on a lake. Fortunately, it was January and the lake was frozen.



-Submitted by Lori Lass. Driver: Bill Lass, Co-driver: Ken Lass



Rocky Mountain Rally, no working odo on the long transit to Porcupine Hills... Got sooo lost we stopped at a gas station to get directions. The customer at the counter was a worker at the event and escorted us to the start of the stage... We got there before everyone!!!



-Elise Racette


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2009 Mint 400, the first year it returned to the north side of Vegas, I was riding in a 12 car and the dust was so bad off the start that there were times I couldn't even see the GPS. We muddled though the first 20 or so miles with near zero visibility. All of a sudden the dust cleared and we hit a graded road after a rough section and were able to hit top gear pinned. We were so excited and relieved to be out of the brutal dust that we ran about 4 miles before I looked at the GPS and got a knot in my stomach when I realized I had to tell the driver that the dust cleared because we missed a 90 degree right. That was only the 2nd time I had navigated so it was quite the learning experience. If it seems too good to be true, you're probably off course!



-Jared "Bacon Boy" Tetzlaf



Don't point at friends you see on stage at a spectator intersection or your driver might take the way you point (at your friends) instead of staying on the stage.



-Zach Williams, driver now feared by his friends



Pikes Peak 2012, practice day 2, I got lost in the notes. Cody thought he knew where we were, but apparently not. We crashed at about 55mph into the mountain side. Gave me 4 rib dislocations, front & back, and a compressed spine. Awesome $37,000 doctor bill. But hey, Cody fixed the car overnight. We placed 2nd in Unlimited, I just couldn't breathe very well haha



-Tabitha Lohr, extremely tough co-driver (and wife) of Cody Loveland



Martin's fuel gauge has never worked in the Nissan 240. I always need to calculate our fuel requirements based on stage and transit distances and assumed consumption rates. First time competing at NEFR [New England Forest Rally] I neglected to make the relatively minor readjustment to my spreadsheet of changing from kilometres to miles. d'oh! We ran out of fuel while waiting to check into service and had to push the car through the Service Arrival Control.


Also 1st time at NEFR, stage notes for the shakedown stage were supplied in a separate handout. Figuring we had everything we needed, I left all the other books behind in the truck when we headed out to run the shakedown stage. It was only when Martin asked, "which way do we go?", that I realized I had no clue where the shakedown stage is located. Instructions for that were included in the main routebook, eh. d'oh! No problem, let's just follow this other car... Except they weren't going to the shakedown stage, they were doing the odo check which goes somewhere else. Double-d'oh!



-Ferdinand Trauttmansdorff


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 9: Oops


Like Ferdinand, Jim Perrin and Jen Horsey both gave a few great stories. Jim is a madman driver who thinks rallying a RWD Jeep with a Dixie horn is a good idea.



Nothing like when your codriver leaves the notes back at the hotel. You had one job!!!


My codriver also likes to make mistakes on transit by not reading the instructions to me, but interpreting them for me. We've missed more than one turn because he missed a few words in the tulips.


I think the best (so far) was when he told me to turn left instead of right after the finish of the stage, and we ended up back on the hot stage road traveling in the wrong direction. I can tell you that Chris Duplessis was just as surprised as I was when we saw each other.



Jen, meanwhile, is one of the majors in U.S. co-driving. She's co-driven for drivers like Andrew Comrie-Picard, Sam Hubinette, and just everyone who has played DiRT 2 or DiRT 3, and can now be heard as the on-air analyst for the Global Rallycross Championship on ESPN.



So many stories: 1) Base-60 math is hard. Many of us find out by making a mistake. I did. 2) Left my phone (AKA: GPS/calculator) on a teammate's car during a TV interview and it drove away. 3) Led about a dozen cars off-route on a transit because they assumed I knew where I was going...



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The best thing about the "forgotten items" stories I got was the variety of items and the variety of ways co-drivers came up with to lose them. My helmet and Jen's phone are just the beginning in a long list of "where the fuck did it go?!" moments.



For some reason the only 17mm deepwell socket I had was in the rally car's toolkit but it was also the only tool I could use to tighten the plug on the VW's transmission drain plug. So I took socket out in service when I was filling the fluid. Then we had to rush out of service and barely made it with seconds to spare for no time penalty. Later on the stages, we got a flat tire. No big deal, until I realized that I left the socket that was in the toolkit (that I needed to get the wheels off and raise the jack) back in service and had no spare socket in the car. Jared Lantzy and I then stood on the side of the road, I know at least I was on the roof making Elvis hip thrusts and arm swings, until sweep came by and luckily they had the socket for us. From now on, Rally car tools never leave the car, NEVER!!!



-Billy Mann



Forgot to pack a flashlight in my co-driver bag, and of course we got a flat in the middle of a long night stage. We spent 10 minutes trying to change it because first of all it was a VW with wheel bolts not studs, and not only did we keep losing the bolts in the grass, the brake rotor had somehow rotated on the hub so the holes no longer lined up and we couldn't figure out in the dark why the wheel bolts wouldn't go in the holes. My usually calm driver was so mad he threw my route book on the ground! I now have a pack list and take apart/re-assemble my co-driver bag before every event.



-Leanne Junilla


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It was my first year of racing, maybe the 4th event the USUK Rally Focus ran. We were having some electrical issues, so during service I had to go head first into my footwell to make sure all the wires to the computer were still connected. To provide myself with space, I pulled my codriver bag out and put it in the passenger seat of the service truck. I go headfirst, make sure all is well, and we continue servicing the car and we were done with servicing a bit early. There was a really great spectator location coming up, so we sent our crew chief off so that he could go spectate in the service truck. A couple minutes later, as we are getting back in the car, I couldn't find my bag! There was no cell service and both my stage notes and route notes were in the service truck!



-Kieran Wright, co-driver for USUK Racing



There are lots of variations of losing the time card or leaving the time cards somewhere far out of reach. I left the time card in the service truck and realized it while waiting in line to check out of service, a couple of minutes before our out time. It was a hot day and I had my driving suit only halfway on. I ran back to the service truck as fast as I could and it was hard to keep my driving suit from falling down to my legs. But I was more concerned about a late check out than my dignity.



-Alan Perry



Forgetting spare socks. ALWAYS bring spare socks.



-Christian Edstrom, former co-driver for Travis Pastrana



Our rally car keys were inexplicably left on the bumper of the truck. The other truck. The one at home 300 miles away.



-Brandon Be



Make sure you don't mistakenly reset the time on your watch.........and then remember your backup time piece is back on the front seat of the service rig. Uh whoops.


And for the love of god, if you think you might have to pee go when you have a chance, otherwise you might force your driver to pull over on a busy interstate, because you think your bladder will burst before your reach service.



-Seth Achilles


Keith Morrison not only has co-driving experience but is now marketing manager for the Canadian Rally Championship. Apparently his forgetfulness followed him over.



Was given the time cards for the whole event and left them at home for Day 2, where service is an hour and a half drive from home.



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The one story of forgetfulness that made me laugh out loud came from Andy Grider. Andy is best known as the Honda B Team rider in the movie "Dust to Glory," holding of Johnny Campbell when Campbell takes to the beach. In 2009 Andy was co-driving on what is almost certainly the biggest stage in all of rally, and he forgot one of the last things one might think they even need to remember.



I left the steering wheel in the hotel room for the start of the 2009 Dakar.



I'm going to start the rookie mistakes with the most impressive example of all, Vittorio Bares had a co-driver who forgot the rally itself:



I had a co-driver miss the start...the phone conversation went something like this...

"Uhm, we're in the drivers meeting, where are you?"

"...huh? C'mon, it's not until tomorrow...right? RIGHT!?! ..."

She made record time on a 2hr drive. We did manage 1/2 the stages.



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Ok, so at Rallye de Quebec one winter long ago we skipped Parc Ferme at the end cuz we were cold n tired and so far back in the pack I thought it wasn't necessary to go in. Back at the hotel, I hadn't even got a hot shower yet when the phone rang—it was the organizers, "we're just wondering, where the hell ARE you guys?" i pled total ignorance (which was true) and by some miracle they didn't kick us out.



-Dave Getchell



Check your math so the 8.2 seconds ahead of the 3rd place guy that you fought hard to gain isn't lost in a 10 second penalty for checking in at the wrong time at the final MTC.



-Matthew Conte



Did my transit math wrong and insisted my driver check in two minutes early, thinking the driver ahead of us was playing mind games by checking in late.



-Keith Morrison (yes, the same Keith Morrison)



Turned over two pages in the notes instead of one.


Dropped my route book into the footwell mid stage. It fortunately fell onto the driver's side and he kicked it back. Didn't miss a call.


Put my timecard on the roof of the car, and then drove off without retrieving it.



-Adrian Wintle


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I remember somebody's co-driver flying in a week early and the driver having to find another co-driver.


I got time barred because my co-driver didn't know the time cards are calculated differently in Canada.


My first event my co-driver read all the tulips in the first mile of a 10 mile stage and then said "You are on your own, don't kill me!"



-Justin Pritchard, tattletale driver


Now for the stories that didn't quite fit in any of the other categories, be it because the mistake was caused by an accident, a stomach, or a driver who wanted to cool off.



Left the finish control at Sandblast one year without double checking the time card. Got about a mile up the road and realized the worker forgot to enter our time.



-Matt Rhoads



Arrived at an accident got out, helmet off on ground, turned isolator off for them, helped out, eventually carried on with someone else's helmet that didn't have HANS poles and was 2 sizes too big. This is why I now have stickers all over my Stilo helmet.



-Toni Feaver


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Pete Hascher and I stopped for an ice refill, during transit, at a drive thru, for our Cool Shirt Cooler, and almost missed ATC check-in.



-Scott McGill, Cool Shirt-wearing wimp of a co-driver (sweat it out like the rest of us, Scott!)



Learned the hard way that something like Scopolamine is a requirement for some co-drivers. 120-130F temps in the cabin and lots of little jumps and L3 into R3 into L3 will help you figure that one out real quick. Luckily I had supplied my co-driver with a handful of ziplocks!



-Chris Rosner, driver, but fortunately not this driver



My co-driver got sick, puked first time just before the start line, ran the whole stage blind, he got back into it for 4 more stages, we pull up to the final finish... hand the card to the control worker who goes to show him the time just as my co-driver opens the door and spills all the cookies (yes he ate cookies) all over the worker's feet! Worker shows me the card, good enough! Was epic for us and a few spectators as well.



-Anthony Israelson, driver, also not this driver


Finishing us off is Alex Kihurani, a former Jalopnik Live Q&A session participant, and a man who has co-driven for over 30 different drivers in just ten years. His story comes from this year's round of WRC Mexico.



I rented a VW Jetta with a whole bunch of aftermarket parts rebranded as something else for Mexico. The rather second-hand aftermarket exhaust made the car sound quite a bit like a TDI. When we went to the gas station the first morning of recce to fill up, I confidently told the attendant to put diesel in the car. When he said something back to me I couldn't understand, I just ignored it and told him to fill it up. Of course the car had a petrol engine and made it about 20 feet before coming to a halt. We ended up losing 2 hours (of WRC recce!) trying to sort out what to do and getting the Ford F450 service truck to go recce stages. The day included a lot of 3 point turns as we missed several 2nd passes! Never felt so stupid in my life. We more or less told the rental company that we don't speak Spanish and don't understand why a bunch of Mexicans put diesel in our petrol tank, so they didn't charge us anything to switch out the rental car, or for any damages!



Nice. So which story was the most hilariously embarrassing? Let us know in Kinja below.


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Photo credits:

Lead photo, photos 2 & 14: Pete Kuncis, On A Limb Racing

Photo 3: Tag Rally Sport

Photo 4: Peter MacDonald

Photo 5: C/O DoublePlus Racing

Photo 6: Pat Dailey

Photo 7: Jim Perrin

Photo 8: Neil McDaid

Photo 9: Simon Wright

Photo 10: Luis Alberto Gomez Salazar

Photo 11: Joshua Bressem

Photo 12: C/O Justin Pritchard

Photo 13: Cody Beyer


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 9: Oops

Friday, August 30, 2013

Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 8: A Day As A Co-Driver insuranceinstantonline.blogspot.com

Written By Unknown; About: Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 8: A Day As A Co-Driver insuranceinstantonline.blogspot.com on Friday, August 30, 2013

insuranceinstantonline.blogspot.com ® Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 8: A Day As A Co-Driver

Co-driving is like being the drummer in a rock band. Often forgotten and overlooked, sitting in the shadow of the lead singer, but without a good drummer to keep the beat the whole song falls apart. This analogy not only applies to the pace notes, but actually holds true for the rally as a whole. From the start of the concert [day] when the drummer [co-driver] raises his drumsticks [pillow] over his head and knocks them together yelling "1-2-3-4" [chucks it at his driver's head yelling "Wake up!"] to the end of the event when the drummer has to drag the teetering lead singer out of the afterparty before said singer makes a fool of himself doing drunk karaoke (actually that one's pretty much a direct crossover).


Full "Behind the Scenes" archive


Put some coffee on, Muriel, it's gonna be a long one. This is a return to the technical posts, a description and explanation of some of the many duties of a co-driver during a rally beyond just reading the pace notes. As always, every co-driver and every team does things a little differently, so this is effectively a generalization. In the previous technical posts we've talked about the prep leading up to the rally, making sure the co-driver bag is ready, and when last we left off in the technical posts we'd made it through recce and were trying to pick up chicks in the hotel bar. So now let's jump ahead nine or ten hours to just after the morning's first pillow-missile has been launched.


It's 8 AM and the start of the rally nears. Expert marksman that you are the pillow hits it's target. You inform your driver that you have one hour before parc exposé opens, two hours until it closes. Parc exposé is the area where all cars are parked before the official start of the rally and where they will leave from one-by-one when the rally officially starts. Parc exposé also doubles as a sort of pre-race car show for the fans, where they can come, look at all the cars, meet the drivers/co-drivers, get autographs, and hear rally stories (part 9 will be full of these). The parc exposé open time signifies the earliest you can bring your car into the area, the closing time is the deadline you must have your car in by.


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You go through the standard morning routine you would have at home. Shower, brush teeth, possibly a shave or a nice trim of the nose hairs, followed by a quick breakfast. If you want to make sure the fans know you're a competitor and not a crew member or fellow fan you put your race suit on now. If you'd rather maintain your comfort and freedom for another couple hours you stick with jeans and bring your suit to change into at exposé. Leave the hotel (don't forget your co-driver bag!) and head to the rally car, be it in the parking lot or the service park. Give it a final check of the essentials: triangles, jack, spill kit, first aid kit, tire iron/impact gun, tools, fluids, etc. This is as much to ensure you can find it all quickly on stage if need be as it is to make sure it's all present and accounted for. Once you've done your final check you get into the car and head to exposé.


Once at expose you'll want to find the notice board and official rally time. The notice board will list any penalties, protests, important information, or last minute changes/corrections to routes. Rally time is the official time all rally clocks are set to, down to the second. Be sure to set your watch (watches) to match, there's nothing worse than getting a minute time penalty because your watch said it's 10:52 but the rally clock said it's 10:51:54. With that settled you want to find the start order. Sometimes there will be someone handing out copies, but if not there should be a copy on the notice board. If you have a smart phone I suggest taking a photo. If not, write it down, or at the very least write down the ten cars ahead of you and five cars behind you. Having done all this you have some time (usually about an hour) to mill around, chat, and obsessively quintuple check your books before the driver's meeting.


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 8: A Day As A Co-Driver S


Hour's up, time for the driver's meeting. Be sure to bring your stage notes and route book, just in case they announce a route change. Also bring a notepad or some other paper you can write on in case anything important is mentioned that doesn't pertain to routes. If you're lucky the meeting will consist of little more than "Hey, everyone, thanks for coming! Have fun out there and stay safe! Bye!" (This has happened to me precisely once.) After the meeting the front runners will gear up and get in their cars immediately. If you're toward the back of the start order (as you likely would be if you're a novice co-driver) you likely have at least 20 minutes before you need to get in the car. Typically I'll tell Rory to gear up and get in whenever I see anyone among the six cars ahead of us on the start order getting in their cars.


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 8: A Day As A Co-Driver S


So, safety gear is on, you're in the car, and you're behind the car listed ahead of you, waiting to start the rally. The car in front of you leaves and you pull up to the first Main Time Control of the rally. Get ready, it's about to get busy. The time control worker will hand you your time card, which will have your start time on the top of it (which should be the minute after the previous car left). Reset the trip computer, stare obsessively at your watch (or an official time clock if you can see one), wait for the minute to change (if using your watch wait for 5-10 seconds after the minute change, just in case your watch is a few seconds fast), and when it does tell your driver to start.


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Now at this point you'll be focused on three items, the time card, the transit route book, and the car's trip computer. We mentioned the time card first so we'll start with that. The time card is what you use to schedule your target arrival time at the time controls, and how organizers record your actual start and arrival times. We'll use the above time card from NASA Rally Sport as our base. Your out minute was 10:37, which is what the control worker wrote on the card before handing it to you at the start. On the grey line below that is the amount of time the transit to the start of Stage 1 should take, in this case 15 minutes. So, 10:37 + 0:15 = 10:52. That's your arrival time. Don't write it in the space for the arrival time, that's for rally officials only. If you want to write your arrival time so you aren't obsessively re-calculating it every three minutes (who are we kidding, that's going to happen anyway) you can either write it on a different paper (in your route book for example) or in the grey line where it says "for competitor use." This is the only place on the time card where you're allowed to write anything.


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Ok, now for the route book and trip computer. The route book is probably more important than the stage notes themselves, without this you have no way of finding your way to the stages, short of pulling over, waiting for the next rally car, and following it around all day. Typically there are six columns in a route book, as shown above. The first column counts the instructions from control to control. In a good book this will reset at every start/point where mileage is zeroed. I have on occasion encountered books where the first instruction on each page is marked as instruction "1" though, even if said instruction is halfway between controls. Keep an eye out for these books because they are evil and designed to ruin your day. The second column tells the instruction's mileage from the start (the point where you zeroed your trip computer). The third column gives the split/distance from the previous instruction. The fourth gives a graphic representation of the upcoming instruction point, be it some form of intersection, a bridge, a speed limit sign, a control, etc. The fifth gives additional information in text format. For example it may have the name of the crossroad at a junction, or the speed limit for the next segment of the transit (careful, if caught speeding on transit you WILL be penalized), or warn you about any dangers at this instruction. The sixth and final column counts down the remaining distance until the arrival control.


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Most rally cars use the Terratrip brand computer, specifically the Terratrip 202 (pictured) or 303. If you've adequately bribed the service crew they will have run the "odometer check" road section and calibrated the computer while you and the driver were out on recce, if not you'll have to do it yourself after recce. Trip computer calibration is complicated and confusing until the dozenth or so time you've done it, but it's critical because A) the route instructions are measured to the 1/100th of a mile while a car's stock odometer/trip only measures to 1/10th of a mile, meaning a stock odo isn't accurate enough, and B) odds are the computer used to make the distances in the route book is a few hundredths or even a few tenths off from the previous rally, calibration of the computer ensures your trip computer matches the odo/computer used to make the notes.


Most computers have two rows of data (as shown) which can be set to suit personal preference. Typically co-drivers will set them up to show overall transit distance up top and split distance below, though I've been in cars where the bottom row was used as a speedometer. If in the typical setup you'll want to reset overall (top) at every Main and Arrival Time Control (you have to hold the reset button on this row for three seconds to zero the trip) and reset the split at every instruction (this button you don't need to hold). A bit tedious, yes, but it helps ensure you don't miss an instruction.


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 8: A Day As A Co-Driver


Having paid close attention to your route instructions and trip computer you've directed your driver to the start of the first stage with no mistakes (or at least having recognized mistakes quick enough to tell your driver to turn around before losing too much time). Typically you'll find yourself arriving 5-10 minutes before your arrival time. This isn't a problem, you simply need to sit and wait. The Arrival Time Control (ATC) will have a series of boards marking the control zone. The first is a yellow circle with a stopwatch in it. This is the boundary of the ATC. DO NOT PASS THIS BOARD UNTIL YOUR MINUTE! Whatever minute the controller's clock/watch says when you pass this board is the time they'll write on your time card, so you need to be careful. You'll receive a one minute time penalty for every minute early on check in and 10 seconds for every minute late on check in. Fortunately you're careful and you check in right on time. On your minute you pass the yellow clock board and stop at the red clock board where the ATC worker is standing. He writes your arrival time on the card and hands it back to you. Be sure to zero the trip computer at this point, this is where the route book mileage resets. Note that at this point you are in what is known as a fermé (a lot of French words in rally). Starting now you aren't allowed to open the hood or do any work of any kind on the car, though if you need to open the hood before the start of the first stage you've got a whole 'nother level of problems (unless you're classic car rallying in which case it's business as usual).


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 8: A Day As A Co-Driver S


Having been handed back your card at the ATC you move up as cars start the stage, a minute at a time. The car in front of you starts the stage at 10:54 and as soon as he's clear you move up to (but not past) the red board with a flag on it. This board represents the official start line for the stage (about 25 yards beyond the start you'll see a yellow board with three diagonal black lines. This board marks the end of the fermé, once past this point you can work on the car and get assistance from others again). Once again you hand the time card out the window and the Start Control worker writes your official start time on the card, then hands it to you. You now have less than a minute before you finally get to experience the rush of a hot stage. Make sure you go through final safety checks: neck restraint secure, belts tight, helmet buckled, etc. At a larger event there will be a clock with a digital readout counting you down to your start, at smaller events there will be a shouty person using their voice and fingers. Either way you want to let your driver know the time remaining, because the minute before launch is scientifically recognized as the longest minute known to man. I typically tell the driver the time remaining at 30, 15, 10, then count down from 5. "5-4-3-2-1-GO!"


"Stay L/lgCr 100 smCr & L4+n.c.<..." The notes themselves are the part every new co-driver worries about most, but the way a co-driver calls notes is one of the most unique aspects of the job, so it's hard to really give specific advice. "...Cr & L5n.c. lg washout tarmac ruf 100..." The most critical thing to remember starting off is to make sure you're calling notes with enough lead time for the driver to react to your call, but not so far ahead that the driver forgets the call by the time they reach the corner (drivers are like goldfish, ten second memories*). Typically I aim to be 1-2 instructions ahead of the driver.


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 8: A Day As A Co-Driver S


"...L4 into R5+short into Cr 120..." You're on the last page now and the finish is less than a minute away. You're approaching the point of one of the most common and potentially dangerous novice mistakes. "...R6+/Cr & Jmp into R6+n.c. into Finish." Lots of new drivers stop reading once they call "Finish," ignoring the instructions that continue all the way to the finish control where you stop and receive your time. Why call those additional corners and straights when you're going to slow to a crawl once across the flying finish? The problem is sometimes the note immediately after the finish is something like "! L4/Cr lg" but because the co-driver didn't call it the driver comes across the line with the foot to the floor. Next thing you know the car is in the woods.


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 8: A Day As A Co-Driver S


You remembered to read the notes after the finish and as a result safely make it to the Finish Time Control. Once again you hand the time card out the window and the Finish Control worker writes down the time when you crossed the flying finish. Note THIS ISN'T YOUR ELAPSED STAGE TIME, it's the actual time of day when you crossed the finish. To figure out the elapsed time you need to subtract the start time from the finish time. In the example on our time card starting at 10:55:00 and finishing at 11:06:26.1 means an elapsed time of 11 minutes 26.1 seconds. Sweet, you have your first elapsed time figured out. You get out the route book and start navigating to stage 2 (important note here, the route book mileage returns to zero at the start of the stage not the finish, so if you didn't zero the computer at the ATC then your overall trip will be off and you'll have to rely entirely on splits).


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 8: A Day As A Co-Driver S


So, what time do you arrive at stage 2? That depends which organization is running the show. If you're running NASA (or in Canada), which is the body our time card comes from, you ignore your finish time and look at the stage start time. On the grey line below the start time it lists a stage time. This is the "bogey time" or slowest possible time without accumulating lateness minutes (accumulate too many and you're out of the race). To calculate your arrival time at stage 2 you take your stage 1 start time, add this bogey time, then add the transit time. So on our sample card that's 10:55 + 0:18 + 0:10 = 11:23. There's our arrival time. NASA's method is based on the FIA system and is used to ensure the gap between cars at the start line is always 1 minute and the rally doesn't get spread out.


If, on the other hand, you're racing Rally America the calculation is a bit more direct. Take your FINISH time, chop off the seconds, then add the transit time. So that would mean 11:06 + 10 = 11:16 arrival time. This format is easier to calculate, helps the rally run more quickly, and gives everyone the same amount of time to transit (and, somewhat critically, means if you pass a car on stage they stay behind you, whereas with the NASA system they'll be put back ahead of you at the start of the next stage). On the other hand it can make checking in at the arrival control "interesting." If you finish at 11:06:59 and the next car finishes at 11:08:01 that means you'll be arriving at the next stage at 11:16 and 11:18, now separated by two full minutes instead of one, even though you were only two seconds faster. Conversely if the car ahead of you finished at 11:06:01, even though you finished a full 58 seconds apart, you are now considered on the same minute and will both have to check into the next control at the same time. Are you confused yet?


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 8: A Day As A Co-Driver S


Let's ignore Rally America timing for now and return to our NASA arrival time. As we've already figured out our arrival time is 11:23, so once again you use the route book to navigate your driver to the stage. But this time when you get to the stage something is wrong. You've arrived 10 minutes before your check in time but there are a good 20 cars on this side of the ATC board, which shouldn't be possible with 1 minute intervals between cars. The stage is running 10 minutes behind, resulting in a situation I guarantee you'll have to deal with at least once every rally. There's no way you'll get the car to the board by 11:23 but you have to check in on your minute. Solution: you, by proxy, now represent the car. You need to exit the vehicle, go up to the aforementioned yellow board with the stopwatch on it (BUT DO NOT PASS IT! Even on foot passing the yellow board counts as entering the control early and will bring a time penalty), wait for your minute, then walk the card to the control worker for your arrival time. Even though the car hasn't physically passed the yellow board you are officially considered checked into this stage's fermé and once again can't do any work on the car. This is a good time to quickly pray the car doesn't overheat in the next few minutes.


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 8: A Day As A Co-Driver S


Because of the delay it's an extra wait between check in and stage start, but finally at 11:36 you enter the stage. Once again you're good on the notes, clear the stage, set a decent time, and it's on to the third and final stage of the opening loop. Lather, rinse, repeat and on to service. Talk with your driver about what, if anything, he wants done to the car and jot down what he says so you can tell the service crew. Calculate your service arrival time the same way you've been doing all the stage ATC times (note, typically you're given a new time card when you check into service but for convenience we're including service as the last item on the sample time card we've been using). Once in service it's your job make sure the driver and crew knows how long they have before you need to be back in the car. This starts with calculating your service out time. On our time card this time is 12:59. The thing to remember is that's not how long you have to finish the service. That's the time you need to be in the car, with gear, and back at the Time Control at the service park exit (which typically with service park traffic will take a couple minutes to get to from your service bay). For safety it's wise to give a 5 minute buffer. So if your out time is 12:59 tell everyone you need to be done and in the car at 12:54. Every 5 minutes or so be sure to announce how much time is left. If your watch has a countdown timer set it at the start of service.


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 8: A Day As A Co-Driver S


You leave service on your minute and it's back out to the second loop of stages. Everything's going well until stage 6 when you slide wide on a corner, hit a small rock, and get a flat. First thing to do is check how far you have left in the stage. If possible you want to finish the stage first and change the flat on the next transit. If you do a 5 minute tire change on stage it will set you behind 5 minutes, f you do it on transit at the very worst it will set you behind 50 seconds (10 seconds for every minute late to the next control). On the other hand if you drive on the flat too far and it starts coming apart it could destroy bodywork, brake lines, or even wrap itself around suspension components so thoroughly 20 minutes and an oxyacetylene torch won't get it off. Let your driver know how many miles are left to the finish and ask what he wants to do. Typically anything over 3-5 miles (depending on road condition and speed) is considered too far. Sadly in this case you're 7 miles from the finish.


Next thing to look for in the notes is a good place to pull off. If you see a junction in the next mile of notes tell the driver, if you can't find anything in the next couple miles it's not the end of the world, just go for the best looking bit of road you guys find. Ideally you'll want to be somewhere with good sight lines and enough room for cars to get around you easily. You find a clearing and pull over (make a mark in your notes so you know where to pick things up). First and foremost you need to take an emergency triangle and run back down the road (this triangle seems to primarily be a North American rally rule and may not always apply to European rallying). Place the triangle on the same side of the road as your car. If there's a blind crest leading up to the car put the triangle on the other side of the crest. Bring your pace note book or route book with you and hold up the O.K. sign on the back cover to any passing rally cars.


With the triangle in place it's back to the car. With any luck your driver has a hex nut on the end of the jack so it can be used with the impact gun. If unlucky your arms will be getting a workout. If really unlucky it is also summer. Or raining. Or Sno*Drift. During the tire change one of you still needs to signal to passing cars that you're OK (a thumbs up will suffice). If a crew sees no definitive sign that the people in a stopped car are alright the rules require that the passing car stop to ensure their status. There are few better ways to get another team mad at you than force them into stopping via forgetting to signal them.


Upon finishing the tire change you stow the gear and the junk tire in the trunk. Next up is another one of those common mistakes, GO BACK AND RETRIEVE YOUR #%&$ING TRIANGLE! Drivers slow when they see triangles, doubly so if they don't see a car to go with the triangle (in fact according to Canadian rally rules if you see a triangle but don't see a car you're supposed to stop and look for said car). Once back in the car and belted up it is often considered common courtesy to wait for the next car to pass and rejoin the stage behind him, particularly if the rally is being held in dusty conditions.


You finish the stage, return to service, check out the car, swap in a new spare tire, and head out for the final loop of stages. The final loop goes well and you set three decent stage times, now it's off to the finish line. The time card says you started the final stage at 19:18 (that's 7:18 PM, most rallies run on 24 hour time, not 12 hour time), bogey time for the stage was 20 minutes, and the listed transit time is 40 minutes. Easy calculation, your arrival time is 20:18. You arrive at the control at about 20:00 but there's no sign of any other cars, what's the deal? This final time control is what's known as a Main Time Control (MTC). You can arrive at a MTC at any time before your minute, so long as you tell the control what minute you want written on the card. So you can enter the control at 20:01, tell them 20:18, and they'll write 20:18 on your card. You cannot, however, request a minute that has already passed. So if on the way to the finish you and your driver decided to celebrate your first completed rally by skinnydipping in a local lake on the transit (this does happen), you need to make sure you still get to the control before 20:19 or you will be penalized for being late.


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 8: A Day As A Co-Driver S


If this was a multi-day rally you need to tell the crew what changes the car needs for tomorrow. You also need to ensure your driver goes to bed at a reasonable hour. Tomorrow you do it all again. If it's a single day rally then congratulations! You made it, something 20-40% of the field can't say! It's now off to the awards dinner for (usually) free food, beer, and heavily embellished stories!


Good job, my friend. Welcome to rally.


*Yes, I know the whole "goldfish have ten second memories" thing is a myth. It is, however, true of drivers.


Photo Credits:

Lead photo - Kappadue Innovazione

Photo 2 - Chris Koerner

Photo 3, 6, 9 - Pete Kuncis

Photo 4 - STPR

Photo 7 - Peter Guagenti

Photo 8 - Jason Clanton


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 8: A Day As A Co-Driver

Friday, August 9, 2013

Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 7: Teach Me How to Zombie insuranceinstantonline.blogspot.com

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Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 7: Teach Me How to Zombie S


The potential for trouble is always present in rally, some would even say it's expected. But there's typically a limit to how much we think can go wrong. STPR pushed that limit into a ditch and buried it. Welcome to zombie rallying.


Missed any installments of "Co-Driving Behind The Scenes?" Check out the full archive here.


I've mentioned before that one of the great things about being a co-driver is the ability to jump around from empty seat to empty seat. Even co-drivers who have found a regular ride (like I have with Rory/TAG Rally Sport) will hop into something else when their driver isn't racing. When Rory told me he wouldn't be doing the Susquehannock Trail Performance Rally, one of my personal favorites, I started looking for a seat.


The first stop for a free agent looking for a ride is pretty much always SpecialStage.com, and sure enough I found a post from Troy Miller looking for a co-driver. I'd never met Troy and didn't know anything about his driving record, so I checked his history on Rally America (two events, zero DNFs) and sent him a message to claim the position. We sent messages back and forth, working out the details, and on May 29 I headed out to Wellsboro, PA for the rally.


Wednesday night was spent discussing note preferences, calling style, driving style, and basically getting a feel for eachother. As usual I spent a couple hours before bed getting my pacenote books ready, finally getting to bed around midnight, knowing I'd have to be up in just over 5 hours for recce. Recce itself went well with the standard changes to the notes. The roads and scenery themselves were beautiful as the entire rally (with the exception of two stages through the area Waste Management facility and the spectator super specials at the fairgrounds) is run in the county's magnificent state parks. It also reminded me just how zero-screwup the roads are, with constant exposures (read: cliffs/dropoffs) and what I've repeatedly referred to as "fuck your shit up good" trees lining the roads. By the time we returned from recce around 4 PM the rally car had arrived and been taken through tech. Troy and I put our gear on and headed for the shakedown stage. This was where our weekend would begin to change.


We lined up on the shakedown stage, did our final checks, and launched into the fast 3 mile stage. Though with it being a 1990 GTi and the start being uphill on gravel it was less of a "launch" and more "steady acceleration" into the stage. We were barely a mile in when we first knew we had trouble. The engine oil temperature had climbed to over 280, the car had very little pulling power on the straights, and we could smell that something was extremely hot. Troy flipped on the hazard lights and we crawled it to the finish. Mechanical problem 1.


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 7: Teach Me How to Zombie S


Not wanting to risk damaging the engine Troy pulled to the side just after the finish control. I jumped out and immediately realized we may have misdiagnosed the problem. Smoke was floating out of the right rear wheel and when I went back to look the rotor was glowing bright red. We had a seized caliper, mechanical problem 2. We called Will Rudasill, our crew chief for the weekend, and told him to bring the trailer. Half an hour later he called back saying he was at the end of the road. We drove down to meet him and, with the oil temp back down below 200, we decided to try nursing it back to the service park. The drive took about seven eternities but we ultimately made it. As Troy called every auto parts store within 100 miles looking for a new caliper and rotor Will checked the engine, discovering the engine had no oil in it whatsoever despite being full the day before. Mechanical problem 3.


Troy eventually found a store about a half hour away that said they could have the caliper and rotor first thing in the morning. With nothing more we could do we went for dinner and called it a night. Fast forward to Friday morning and Troy and I arrived in the service park at around 8:40. Will had left the hotel around 7 to pick up the brake caliper and by the time we arrived he had it installed, but not without a catch. The caliper was working properly but had a leaky seal, brake fluid gushed out with every press of the brake pedal. Mechanical problem 4. Troy got back on the phone, once again searching for a store with a caliper. At around 9 AM he found one 90 minutes away in New York. We had to be into parc expose by 11:30 so there was no way we could make it there and back in time. Fortunately Troy's brother was on his way to the rally and would be going right past that area. Coincidence had saved our weekend.


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 7: Teach Me How to Zombie S


At 11 Troy's brother arrived with the replacement caliper. Will threw it on, bled the lines, and had us out by 11:20. We pulled into expose just minutes before it closed, just in time to wait another 2 hours for the rally to start.


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 7: Teach Me How to Zombie S


Just after 2 PM we started the first stage, the rough and twisty Waste Management stage. The 9 mile stage is so twisty that the elite fire breathing unlimited class cars of Ken Block and David Higgins barely managed over 50 mph. There are a few sections where all but the very best co-drivers have to ignore all qualifiers and just call corners. Any crests, +, -, opens, tightens, or other extra pieces of information disappear and it just becomes R4 into L2 into R3 into L2 into R2 into L3 into R3 into L2 (yes, I did pull that directly from the book). In other words, it was the absolute worst stage for Troy to say "power steering is gone" halfway through. Shit. Mechanical problem 5. The oil temperature issues returned as well, despite actually having oil this time around. By mile 5 the needle had climbed past 300 and was completely off the gauge. We had a brief exchange about pulling over but decided to keep going for the moment. If it popped it popped.


Troy muscled it through the stage and the oil temp dropped back down below 200 on the transit to stage 2. Bolstered by the temperature drop we tried to find our footing and put in a good run on the short, fast second stage. It was not to be, as on the long, fast straights of the stage we learned that the lack of "go" we had yesterday wasn't just because of the seized caliper. The engine was definitely down on power in the higher RPMs. We cruised through the stage and Troy muscled it through the third stage (the same twisty Waste Management stage run in reverse) before returning to service. Telling our issues to Will he managed to diagnose our lack of power as a bad fuel pump and our lack of power steering as a bad power steering pump. Unfortunately we didn't have spares, these were problems we would have to deal with for the rest of the rally. We were now in a "survival" mentality instead of a "competitive" mentality. For the sake of fun we ran the final two stages, two passes of the half mile super special in the fairground's field, with me doodling instead of calling notes. The end result confirmed I should never become an artist.


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 7: Teach Me How to Zombie S


Saturday dawned way too early, as the second day of a rally always does, but we were excited to run the state forest stages. These are the roads we all come for. Before the start I checked the standings, showing us seventh fastest with three stages left in the first regional (as previously mentioned in the regional division at Rally America events each day is considered its own rally. However because the first day is less than 20 miles at STPR the first three stages of day 2 are also part of the first regional rally), pretty much what we expected with all the mechanical issues we'd had so far. No worries, this was about fun, experience, and personal improvement, not winning.


The first stage of the day (stage 6) went smoothly, though Troy was hesitant through some of the corners. We were starting to get a rhythm and gel as driver and co-driver. Stage 7 started even better, with Troy practicing momentum conservation and hunting the true limits of grip, hardly lifting for the 4's (only possible because of the bad fuel pump). Then on a hairpin right at the six mile mark Troy shifted into first, the engine revved, and nothing happened, no acceleration. We coasted down the hill as Troy rowed through the transmission, searching for gears, finding only agonizing grinding. "I can't get any gears," he said. Seriously? Mechanical problem 6, we're now counting on two hands.


Finally third gear caught and we were moving again. Troy checked the other gears, finding first and second gone but third through fifth still there. We made our way through the final miles of the stage, painfully slow on exit of the tighter corners, and finished the stage. Troy tried second gear in the shutdown section and it was back, without so much as a grind. What. The. Actual. Fuck. First gear was back as well, which was good news for the start of the third stage (nothing worse than having to launch in a gear other than first). We cleared stage 8, the final stage of the opening loop, and returned to service.


We once again told Will of our issues and he once again diagnosed them with his expert knowledge of Volkswagens and the shit that goes wrong with them. In this case we had melted the bushing holding the shift linkage in place. As a result it no longer fully engaged (or, once a few miles into a stage and the engine & trans get warm, no longer engaged at all) first or second gear. Will made a temporary bushing out of zip ties but he warned us this too would melt before long. The oil temp was still reading off the gauge on every stage but we decided to just tell ourselves it was exaggerating. As an additional amusing issue one of the inner front lights was beginning to withdraw itself into the grille. Get back here you little bastard! (Mechanical problem 6.5?)


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 7: Teach Me How to Zombie S


Back out to the stages to start the second regional and the car's working great (well, great considering). The zip tie fix is holding, Troy's driving is excellent, and I'm hitting on the notes. We're not setting any stage records but it's a good run none the less. Which is why less than a mile from the end I'm caught off guard by what sounds like a car behind us laying on the horn. We've been caught? I ask Troy if he hears a horn. "I think that's our bearing," he replies. Greeeeat. Mechanical problem 7.5. Stage 10 is more of the same as Will's zip tie fix melts, we overcook it into a hairpin left, slide backwards into the banner tape, and we sit motionless for a full ten seconds as Troy tries to find a gear. Despite this we managed to close on the car in front of us, hitting lingering dust in the final three miles. Stage 11 was miraculously free of new mechanical issues and we cruised through the stage before returning to service.


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 7: Teach Me How to Zombie S


Will fashioned a new temporary shift linkage bushing, this time out of a mudflap, and while installing it noticed we were bending the camber plate atop the left front strut. Mechanical problem 8.5 anyone? He didn't want to risk fatiguing the metal by trying to bend it back down, so he just told us to be careful and sent us out to run the final loop of stages.


Car still running, though now without first and second gear. Still no power steering as well #zombiecar #stpr13


— Steven Harrell (@DVMSteve) June 1, 2013


Stage 12 was essentially incident-free, though we did lose the new bushing halfway through. Stage 13 was going well until five miles into the 12.8 mile stage when we started hitting some heavy pockets of dust. We pushed on, the dust getting thicker as we went, clearly we were closing in on the car ahead. Eight miles and the dust had visibility down to less than 100 feet. We were forced to slow to avoid running into one of those aforementioned trees. We hit a cliffside clearing (no trees, 50 foot drop on the left) and the sun hitting the dust made visibility even worse. We caught a brief glimpse of the car in front of us rounding a L3, then the cloud engulfed us again. Knowing that with more than four miles to go we had to try to catch and pass the car we pushed in the dust. Visibility was now less than 40 feet. I called a R4 with an exposure (steep drop) on the outside but we couldn't see it through the wall of tan before us. Troy made his best guess at the corner, but as we exited a massive tree came storming out of the cloud, headed straight for our car. Troy turned hard right as the left side tires started slipping over the edge of the embankment. The car clawed at the ground, and after a terrifying moment managed to pull us back onto the road, just missing the tree. Shaken, we backed off, resigning ourselves to playing it safe and just cruising to the finish behind the slower car instead of trying to pass it. We crossed the line physically six seconds behind the slower car, running the stage 54 seconds faster than them. Armed with this I convinced them to let us go first on stage 14, giving us clear sailing for the final full stage of the day.


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 7: Teach Me How to Zombie S


Stage 14 was a clean run, though I could tell Troy was still backing off a bit after the scare with the tree. We returned to the fairgrounds for another run through the super special. Once again we decided to run without notes and have fun, this time with me holding up a sign for the cameras that read "ZOMBIE CAR LIVES!" (it had earned the nickname "Zombie" due to all the bits rotting and falling off during the course of the rally but the car refusing to die) and giving what was probably the worst rendition of the song "Radioactive" this side of American Idol auditions. Tired and hungry I made a beeline for the banquet dinner as soon as I was out of the car.


While standing in line for food I found myself standing next to the scoring monitor. I hadn't bothered to check stage times all day because Zombie had been so close to death I knew we were one of the back markers. Having nothing better to do while waiting in line and feeling mildly curious I checked the monitor. My mouth fell open, closed, then opened again, emitting no sounds. I looked around, searching for someone who could explain what I was seeing, then looked back to the monitor. Not knowing what else to do I finally called Troy.


"Hey, Troy. Have you checked the results for today's regional?"


"Yeah. Someone must have screwed up, it shows us winning 2WD and third overall."


"That's what I saw too. There's no way, is there?"


"No, has to be a mistake."


I went back to the monitor and looked at the times stage-by-stage, trying to figure out which stage (or stages) they made the mistake on.


This says we won the first four stages, including stage 10 when we spun and couldn't find a working gear. Clearly they accidentally scored us a minute fast on that stage. But if I add a minute we're still third overall and winners in 2WD. There must be another mistake. Hmmm, it says we were second fastest on stage 13 and only 10 seconds back, despite spending five miles at half pace in dust. That one must be wrong too.


I stood there, waiting for someone to come to the same conclusions I did and fix this obvious mistake, but no one did. The scores went up on the board, meaning competitors had a half hour to file protests against anything they thought was incorrect before the scores became official. Again I waited, certain someone would point out there was no way Zombie could have been fastest. Again no one seemed to have any doubts about the validity of the stage times aside from Troy and myself. Forty minutes later we were still in complete disbelief when we were called the the front of the room during the awards ceremony for our first place trophies.


It wasn't until I got home and sat down with a stopwatch and the in-car footage that I full accepted we really were fastest. It had been such a tough rally, with Zombie threatening to fall apart all weekend and us feeling like every stage could be our last. As it turned out though our car wasn't just a zombie, but a fast zombie. And as we all know NOTHING is more dangerous than a fast zombie.


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 7: Teach Me How to Zombie S


Photo Credits:

Photos 1, 2, 7 - Alex Haugen Photography & Designs

Photo 3 - Andre Skandar

Photos 4 & 8 - Lori Lass Photography

Photo 5 - Steven Harrell

Photo 6 - MozesPhotography.com

Photo 9 - "Dawn of the Dead", Universal Studios


Rally Co-Driving Behind the Scenes, Part 7: Teach Me How to Zombie